PAA

A Systematic Assessment of National Under-5 Mortality Rate by Place of Residence for 109 Countries

The progress in reducing the under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) since 1990 has been remarkable but uneven within countries between urban and rural populations. While trend U5MR estimates have been published frequently, an analysis of U5MR by urban and …

A Systematic Assessment of National, Regional and Global Levels and Trends in the Sex Ratio at Birth and Identification of Countries With Outlying Levels

We implemented Bayesian methods for probabilistic sex ratio at birth (SRB) estimation and projection for all countries based on an extensive database with data from vital registration systems, censuses, and surveys. We identified countries at risk of …

A Systematic Assessment of National, and Regional Under-Five Mortality Rate by Wealth Quintiles and Identification of Countries with Outlying Levels Using a Bayesian Hierarchical Time Series Model

National-level estimates of the under-five mortality rate (U5MR) may mask disparities at the subnational level. We developed a Bayesian hierarchical time series model to assess disparities in the U5MR by household-level socioeconomic status (measured …

A Systematic Assessment of National, Regional and Global Levels and Trends in the Sex Ratio at Birth and Identification of Countries with Outlying Levels

Under normal circumstances, the sex ratio at birth (SRB) has been reported to vary between 1.04 and 1.07. But gender discrimination and other factors associated with the SRB can result in different SRB levels. While SRB estimates have been published …

Gender Differences in Infant and Child Mortality: Estimation of Sex-Specific Mortality and an Assessment of Excess Female Deaths

Monitoring of sex-specific mortality up to age five for all countries is challenging because of issues with data availability and quality. Moreover, sex ratios are expected to vary with under-five mortality, which makes it challenging to define …